Vegetal production is mainly made up of cereals, pulses, industrial plants, perishables and fodder crops. Turkey has a major role among the important producing countries of pulses and has the means of dominating the world trade in pulses specially chickpeas and lentils. The number of countries importing Turkish pulses in the last five years is over 60.

Cereals are of great importance in Turkish agriculture. Wheat, barley, oats, rye, spelt, maize, millet and rice are the main species of cereals produced in Turkey. Wheat is the major grain produced in Turkey. Although its output stagnated in the early 1980s, it has recently expanded because of increased fertilizer and irrigation use.

Turkey is the main producer of oriental type tobacco in the world. Among the main industrial crops produced in Turkey, tobacco is a traditional agricultural export item of the country.

            In the vegetal production, the perishables constitute the backbone of the sector. The country produces 80 types of fresh fruits and vegetables out of 140 products grown in the world. Availability of diverse ecological conditions has resulted growing all temperate, most tropical and some tropical products. Out of the 80 types of fresh produce grown in Turkey, 30 kinds of vegetables and 20 kinds of fruits are virtually subject to exports. The fresh fruit grown in Turkey mainly consists of grape-like fruits, pomefruits, stone fruits and citrus fruits according to the order of priority. Fruit bearing vegetables lead the list with a share of 60% in overall vegetable production in the country. With an output of 6.5 million tons, tomatoes take the first place in the production. Potatoes, watermelons, melons, onions and cucumbers follow this succulent vegetable.